MECONIUM cotains undigested materials of amniotic fluid, secretary and desquamated substances of fetal gastrointestinal tract. It is usually fecalated into amniotic fluid following fetal hypoxia. MECONIUM stained amniotic fluid incidence varies from 10 to 15% in different studies. This descriptive cross-sectional survey was carried out to determine the incidence of MECONIUM stained amniotic fluid and MECONIUM ASPIRATION syndrome among 5587 neonates born in kowsar maternity hospital. MECONIUM stained amniotic fluid freqeuency was 10.2% among neonates, during the study. Whereas 1.4% of newborns showed signs of MECONIUM aspirtion. In the 78.9% of cases MECONIUM was concentrated and in the others was diluted. The infant's mortality in MECONIUM ASPIRATION syndrome was about 5.7%. The comparison of results with others in India and Singapore indicates that MECONIUM stained amniotic fluid rate in this area is less than indicated countries (15% in India, 14.3% in Singapore, P<0.0001), However, there is no significant difference in MECONIUM syndrome incidence between these studies.

Background: Approximately 15% of all live births are complicated by MECONIUM-stained amniotic fluid.Fortunately, only 5% of neonate born through MECONIUM staining amniotic fluid (MSAF) develop MECONIUM ASPIRATION syndrome (MAS). This study was designed to assess the frequency of MECONIUM staining amniotic fluid, MECONIUM ASPIRATION syndrome and their associated factors.Methods: this cross-sectional study performed during 2004-2005 in Alghadir hospital, which is a charity hospital located in the east part of Tehran with a large number of deliveries annually and also a highly equipped neonatal ICU. All live births newborns in these 2 years included in the study and newborns with MSAF and MAS were evaluated more.Findings: There were 6355 live births in the hospital in this period. Two hundreds and nineteen (3.4%) of them had MSAF and MAS developed in only 12 newborns (0.002 of total births and 5% of MSAF). In MAS group, 7 neonates (58.3%) had low APGAR score (<8) (P=0.001) and also, 10 of them (83.3%) had thick MECONIUM (P=0.017); but there were no relation between MAS and type of delivery, gestational age and birth weight (P>0.05).Conclusion: There are meaningful relationships between MAS with low APGAR and thick MECONIUM.

Background: One of the serious challenges facing neonatal medicine is MECONIUM ASPIRATION syndrome, delays in the treatment of which can lead to high mortality.Objectives: This study was designed and conducted with the aim of determining the mortality rate and risk factors affecting this rate in newborn infants with MECONIUM ASPIRATION syndrome.Methods: This study was conducted as a retrospective descriptive research on newborn infants with MECONIUM ASPIRATION syndrome hospitalized at the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Fatemieh and Be’sat hospitals in Hamadan city during a 10-year period from 2004 to 2014. Demographic information of the mother and the newborn, hospitalization course, the need for mechanical ventilation, and complications and outcomes of disease were extracted and were analyzed using the SPSS software version 22.Results: Sixty-three newborn infants, diagnosed with MECONIUM ASPIRATION syndrome, were entered in this study, 40% of them were male, 85.7% wighed more than 2500 g, and 17.5% were post term, 25.3% had a five-minute Apgar Score (AS5min) of less than seven, 39.6% were no nvigorous at birth, 31.8% needed to be placed on mechanical ventilation, and 14.3% died during the hospitalization course. There was a significant relationship between the need for mechanical ventilation, no nvigorous state at the birth, complications of disease and mortality rate.Conclusions: Despite the progress made in medicine, MECONIUM ASPIRATION syndrome is still one of the causes of newborn infants’mortality. The mortality and morbidity rates can be reduced by improvement in perinatal care, prevention of post term delivery, timely caesarean and effective neonatal resuscitation at birth.  

Dear editor, MECONIUM ASPIRATION syndrome (MAS) is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. MAS is defined as respiratory distress in the first four hours after birth in the presence of MECONIUM-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) (1). MAS is categorized as moderate (requiring oxygen therapy with a fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) of 40% or greater for at least 24 h) or severe (requiring assisted mechanical ventilation) (2). MAS can lead to the development of pulmonary injuries by a different mechanism (3). MSAF may contribute to multiple long-term and short-term adverse outcomes, including increased risk of neonatal resuscitation, low Apgar score, respiratory distress, pulmonary diseases, and neonatal sepsis. Globally, the incidence of MAS is reported to be 5%-10% in infants, which accounts for an estimated 12% of all neonatal deaths (4). Over the past several years, there have been tremendous advancements in the treatment of MAS....

MECONIUM-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) occurs in approximately 5-20% of live births that MECONIUM ASPIRATION syndrome occurs in approximately 4-5% of these neonates after birth with breathing MECONIUM goes to the small bronchial tree and clinical manifestation such as respiratory distress and tachypena, is present. Thease patients have high mortality and morbidity. For this reason, we studied two groups of infants with MECONIUM stained fluid and compaired mortality and morbidity in two groups. One group was intubated and suction immediately after, and other group was not intubated. In this study, that was prospective and analytical cross-sectional, infants who were delivered with MECONIUM-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) throught a 3 years period (1996-1999) AkbarAbadi Hospital were studied. In this period 33037 infants were delivered and MECONIUM-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) occurred in 3254 (9.85%) of this live births. In 217 instance (6.67%) amniotic fluid was thick, in 188 (86.64%) of this infants the trachea was immediately. After birth intubated and suctioned. But unfortunately in 29 infants (13.36%). The trachea was not immediately after birth intubated and suctioned. In the intubated group complications included: Sepsis 17.55% (25 patients), pneumothorax 13.82% (26 patients), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) 15.42% (29 patients), peresistent fetal circulation (PFC) 3.19% (6 patient). In 29 infants (13.36%) that we couldn’t intubated and suctioned, complications included: sepsis 10.34% (3 infants), pneumothorax 37.93% (11 infants), RDS 17.24% (5 infants), PFC 6.9% (2 infants). In all in intubated group complications were in 45.74% (86 infants) that 6.38% (12 infants) of this were died. In unintubated group, complications were seen in 72.41% (21 infants), that 13.79% (4 infants) were died. In this study intubation and suction immediately after birth in thick MECONIUM-stained amniotic fluid decreased MECONIUM ASPIRATION syndrome but increased it’s morbidity.

ABSTRACT: ASPIRATION of MECONIUM amniotic fluid may lead to MECONIUM ASPIRATION syndrome with consequences of significant morbidity and mortality. So perinatal management for prevention of ASPIRATION is very important. Up to now several procedures have been proposed such as elective cesarean section, amnionfusion and tracheobronchial lavage by diluted surfactant, which are not proved to be effective but oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal suction at the time of the delivery of head before the delivery of shoulders and endotracheal suction after delivery in all depressed infants are the most effective methods. In this study, all these methods were discussed and literatures were reviewed.

Background and Aim: Fine Needle ASPIRATION Biopsy is an effective diagnostic method in the field of medical pathologies. Easiness, accuracy, validity and usefulness of this method have been verified frequently. This method is useful not only for soft tisse or even intraosseous lesions, but also recurrence of tumors (metastasis), resistence to treatment, verification of malignancy, differentiation between malignancy and benignment and determination of organisms causes infection. Unfortunately the use of this method is not common in dental pathology. So this study intendes to show the diagnostic value of FNA specially for intraosseous lesions causing jaw radiolucency.Methods and Materials: This investigation consisted of 80 patients who were referred to Taleghani General Hospital who were then referred to the pathology or surgery departments at Shahid Beheshti dental school.Cases consist of 29 females (36.25) % and 51 males (63.75%). Sampletaking was conducted using a 10 cc, gauge 19 syringe.Results: Results show 90% sensitivity and 75% specificity for jaw radiolucent lesions in FNA method. Correlation between FNA and jaw radiolucencies was significant (P<0.001) and it's power was at equal accepctable level according to cramer's V (phi - cramer's =0.623). Based on FNA cytology power, lesions with positive predictive value of 78.30 had a microscopic view compatible to the findings of other similar studies.Conclusion: FNA can be used as a reliable method for rapid, early and in expensive diagnosis, resulting in an on time, and appropriate treatment plan.